রিজার্ভ থেকে ডলার চায় এফবিসিসিআই
আগামী রমজানে পণ্য সরবরাহ স্বাভাবিক রাখার আহ্বান জানিয়েছে ব্যবসায়ীদের শীর্ষ সংগঠন বাংলাদেশ শিল্প ও বণিক সমিতি ফেডারেশন (এফবিসিসিআই)।
বিশেষ করে রোজার জন্য অত্যাবশ্যকীয় পণ্যের ঋণপত্র (এলসি) খুলতে রিজার্ভ থেকে জরুরি ভিত্তিতে ডলার সহায়তা চেয়েছে সংগঠনের নেতারা। এছাড়া ২০২৩ সালের জুন পর্যন্ত কিস্তি পরিশোধ না করলেও কাউকে ঋণখেলাপি না করার দাবি জানান তারা।
সংগঠনের পক্ষ থেকে আমদানি-রপ্তানিতে ডলারের এক দর ও রপ্তানি উন্নয়ন তহবিল (ইডিএফ) বাড়ানোর সুপারিশ করা হয়েছে।
সোমবার বিকালে বাংলাদেশ ব্যাংকের গভর্নর আব্দুর রউফ তালুকদারের সঙ্গে এফবিসিসিআইয়ের একটি প্রতিনিধি দল বৈঠক করেন। সেখানে এসব দাবি জানানো হয়।
প্রতিনিধি দলের নেতৃত্বে ছিলেন এফবিসিসিআই সভাপতি মো. জসিম উদ্দিন। এ সময় বাংলাদেশ ব্যাংকের সংশ্লিষ্ট ডেপুটি গভর্নর ও নির্বাহী পরিচালকরা উপস্থিত ছিলেন।
বৈঠক শেষে এফবিসিসিআই সভাপতি বলেন, রোজায় নিত্যপণ্য ছাড়াও অনেক পণ্য প্রয়োজন হয়। এজন্য আমদানিটা সহজ করার জন্য বলেছি। প্রয়োজনে এলসি খুলতে রিজার্ভ থেকে ডলার সহায়তা দেওয়ার অনুরোধ জানিয়েছি। এ বিষয়ে বাংলাদেশ ব্যাংক আশ্বস্ত করেছে।
তিনি আরও বলেন, জ্বালানি ও গ্যাস সংকটের কারণে উৎপাদন ব্যাহত হচ্ছে। এসব কারণে কারখানা চালানো যাচ্ছে না। এলসি না খোলার কারণে কাঁচামাল আমদানি বন্ধ। এজন্য ব্যবসার ওপর একটা প্রভাব পড়েছে। আর ব্যবসা করতে না পারলে কিস্তি দেওয়া যাবে না। তাই ঋণ পরিশোধের সুবিধাটি আগামী বছরের জুন পর্যন্ত দেওয়া হোক। যাতে কেউ খেলাপি না হয়। গ্রাহক খেলাপি হলে ব্যাংকও খেলাপি হয়ে যাবে। তাই এটা বৃদ্ধি করা যৌক্তিক মনে করছি।
জসিম উদ্দিন বলেন, আমদানি ও রপ্তানি ক্ষেত্রে ডলারের যে পার্থক্য রয়েছে তা সমাধান করতে হবে। অর্থাৎ উভয় ক্ষেত্রে ডলারের এক রেট কার্যকর করতে বলেছি। কারণ যে কাঁচামাল আমদানি করার জন্য একজন ব্যবসায়ীর খরচ ১০৫ টাকা পড়ে। সে পণ্য রপ্তানি করতে গেলে সেটা ১০১ টাকা। এক্ষেত্রে একটা পার্থক্য থেকে যায়। তাই এক রেট করার দাবি জানানো হয়।
এছাড়া ইডিএফ ঋণের সুবিধা চাওয়া হয়। এ ক্ষেত্রে ঋণের মেয়াদ ১৮০ দিন থেকে বাড়িয়ে ২৭০ দিন করার দাবি জানান এফবিসিসিআই সভাপতি। তিনি বলেন, বাংলাদেশের বর্তমান অবস্থা করোনার সময়ের চেয়েও খারাপ। তাই এসব সুবিধা চেয়েছি। বাংলাদেশ ব্যাংক আশ্বস্ত করেছে, সবগুলো বিষয় পর্যালোচনা করবে।
সুদহার ক্যাপ সংক্রান্ত এক প্রশ্নের জবাবে এফবিসিসিআই সভাপতি বলেন, সুদের হার কম থাকলে বিনিয়োগ বেশি হয়। তাই সুদের যে ক্যাপ আছে সেটা এখন তোলার প্রয়োজন দেখছি না। এজন্য অনুরোধ জানিয়েছি আগামী এক বছর যাতে সুদহারের ক্যাপ তোলা না হয়। কারণ সুদহার বাড়ালে যে মূল্যস্ফীতি কমবে তা কিন্তু নয়। অনেক সাধারণ মানুষ ব্যাংকের বাইরেও রয়েছে। যেহেতু বাংলাদেশ একটি আমদানিনির্ভরশীল দেশ। সুদহার বাড়ালে মানুষের খরচ বেড়ে যাবে।
সভা শেষে বাংলাদেশ ব্যাংকের নির্বাহী পরিচালক ও মুখপাত্র মেজবাউল হক বলেন, বৈশ্বিক প্রেক্ষাপট ও দেশের বর্তমান অর্থনৈতিক পরিস্থিতি নিয়ে আলোচনা হয়েছে। এফবিসিসিআই পলিসিগত সুবিধা চেয়েছে। বাংলাদেশ ব্যাংক এফবিসিসিআইয়ের বিষয়গুলো বিবেচনা করে দেখবে। তবে এখনই কোনো সিদ্ধান্ত জানানো যাচ্ছে না।
খেলাপি না করার বিষয়ে এফবিসিসিআই আবেদন জানিয়েছে, এক্ষেত্রে বাংলাদেশের ব্যাংকের অবস্থান কী এমন প্রশ্নের জবাবে মুখপাত্র বলেন, করোনাকালে নীতি-সহায়তা দিয়েছি। বর্তমানে যে পরিস্থিতি তাতে, সে অনুযায়ী এমন নীতি-সহায়তাও আসতে পারে।
রিজার্ভ থেকে ডলার সহায়তা চাওয়ার বিষয়ে মেজবাউল হক বলেন, রেমিট্যান্স বাড়ছে। আমদানি কমেছে। আগের চেয়ে ডলার সংকট কমে আসবে। তখন ব্যাংক নিজেই এলসি খুলতে পারবে। এরপরও যদি প্রয়োজনীয়তা দেখা দেয় বাংলাদেশ ব্যাংক সহায়তা করবে। আমদানি-রপ্তানির রেট এক করার প্রসঙ্গে বলেন, আমদানি-রপ্তানির রেট কখনোই এক হয় না। এটার একটা পার্থক্য থাকে। এটা দুই টাকার পার্থক্য থাকে। সেটার দিকে এগিয়ে যাচ্ছি।
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